Key Chords Explorer

Chords in Every Key

Explore all the chords that naturally occur in any major or minor key. Every key contains the same pattern of chord relationships.

Key of C

Scale notes: C - D - E - F - G - A - B

Scale used: C Major scale

Tonic ("Home chord") of Key: C

Relative Key

Every major key has a relative minor key that shares the same notes. The relative minor is built on the 6th scale degree of the major scale.

The 6 Main Chords

Cmajor
I
Scale degree: 1
Notes: C - E - G
Dmminor
ii
Scale degree: 2
Notes: D - F - A
Emminor
iii
Scale degree: 3
Notes: E - G - B
Fmajor
IV
Scale degree: 4
Notes: F - A - C
Gmajor
V
Scale degree: 5
Notes: G - B - D
Amminor
vi
Scale degree: 6
Notes: A - C - E

The Diminished Chord

The vii° chord is diminished and built from the 7th scale degree. It's rarely used in beginner music.

diminishedvii°
Notes: B - D - F

Understanding These Chords

Major chords (I, IV, V): Bright, happy sound

Minor chords (ii, iii, vi): Sad, emotional sound

Most popular progression: I-V-vi-IV

Most popular progression: I-V-vi-IV

In the key of C major that's: C-G-Am-F

Understanding the Pattern

The Chord Sequence

Major Key Pattern:
1234567
MajMinMinMajMajMinDim
Minor Key Pattern:
1234567
MinDimMajMinMinMajMaj

These are part of the same sequence loop - just starting from different positions!

Memory Tricks

Rule 1: In major keys, chords 1, 4, and 5 are Major chords

Rule 2: In minor keys, chords 1, 4, and 5 are minor chords (although sometimes we change 5 to a major chord)

Rule 3: The diminished chord is always in the same position: 7th in sequence for major keys, 2nd in sequence for minor keys

Rule 4: The remaining chords are the opposite type to the 1, 4, and 5 chord

Major Key Example

Since the 1 chord (C) is major:

  • Chords 1, 4, 5 are major (C, F, G)
  • 7th chord is diminished (B°)
  • Remaining chords 2, 3, 6 are minor (Dm, Em, Am)

Minor Key Example

Since the 1 chord (Cm) is minor:

  • Chords 1, 4, 5 are minor (Cm, Fm, Gm)
  • 2nd chord is diminished (D°)
  • Remaining chords 3, 6, 7 are major (Eb, Ab, Bb)

Understanding Roman Numerals

Major Keys

I, IV, V: Uppercase = Major chords

ii, iii, vi: Lowercase = Minor chords

vii°: Lowercase + ° = Diminished chord

Minor Keys (Natural Minor)

i, iv, v: Lowercase = Minor chords

III, VI, VII: Uppercase = Major chords

ii°: Lowercase + ° = Diminished chord

Note: Can also be written as bIII, bVI, bVII to show relationship to parallel major key

Other Chords

You can make lots more chords than just the ones above. For example, "Seventh" chords add a fourth note called a seventh (7th) to the three-note chords shown above.

For more chord and scale diagrams see:

  • Open Chord Library: Good for beginners - includes more chord progressions for a selection of keys that can be played with only open chords
  • Barre Chord Library: Essential barre chord shapes for major, minor, and seventh chords that can be moved to any key
  • Moveable Chord Shapes Library: Includes moveable chord shapes for major, minor, diminished, seventh chords, extended chords, suspended chords and altered chords
  • Scale Explorer: Shows many types of chords built from different scales with fretboard diagrams